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논문분류	춘계학술대회 초록집
제목	An Economic Insight from the Relationship between Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease: When the Middle Classes are More at Risk
저자	Riska Dwi Astuti
출판정보	2024; 2024(1):
키워드
초록	Objectives: Previous studies have identified a positive association between hypertension and chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Concerning patient conditions, their struggle not only to be healthy again but also to fund the medical costs. This study aims to investigate how economic factor influences the magnitude of the relationship between hypertension and CKD. Methods: This study utilizes information from 29,411 respondents from the Indonesian Family Life Survey wave 5. Logistic regressions are used to estimate how hypertension affects CKD existence in different magnitude across six different groups: primary sample (all classes), 20% poorest, 20% second poorest, middle, 20% second richest, and 20% wealthiest. Results: In general, data shows that hypertensive individuals are 2.5 times (95% confidence interval, 1.98–3.15) more likely to be diagnosed with CKD than those without hypertension. Further analyses provide different magnitudes when the sample is divided into 5-leveled groups based on economic classes. Among the 20% poorest, no statistical evidence exists that hypertension affects CKD. Meanwhile, in the rest of the economic classes, hypertensive individuals are statistically more at risk of having CKD. The second poorest and second richest have the most considerable risk, with odds ratios of 3.0 and 3.2, respectively. The explanation behind these findings is that the 20% poorest are the beneficiaries of subsidized health insurance, and the 20% richest have the financial capacity to afford health insurance, while middles classes have less support and self-funding. Access and opportunity to visit healthcare facilities might not directly explain the connections of one disease to another. However, it partly explains that those with little money and support are likely to experience delayed treatment, worsening their condition even faster. Conclusions: Economic condition is a factor that should be considered when analyzing health problem. On a broader implication, it urges the policymaker to widen the access to healthcare facilities for societies in general.
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