| 초록 |
The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease – Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) represents a selective update of the prior CKD-MBD Guideline published in 2009. This update, along with the 2009 publication, is intended to assist the practitioner caring for adults and children with CKD, those on chronic dialysis therapy, or individuals with a kidney transplant. This lecture highlights key aspects of the 2017 CKD-MBD Guideline Update, with an emphasis on the rationale for the changes made to the original guideline document. Topic areas encompassing updated recommendations include: diagnosis of bone abnormalities in CKD-MBD; treatment of CKD-MBD by targeting phosphate lowering and calcium maintenance; treatment of abnormalities in parathyroid hormone (PTH) in CKD-MBD; treatment of bone abnormalities by antiresorptives and other osteoporosis therapies; and evaluation and treatment of kidney transplant bone disease. Compared to 2009, there are now increasing concerns with regard to the potential consequences of a positive calcium balance in all stages of CKD reflected at several positions in this guideline update. In addition, recommendations for the use of phosphate-lowering therapies and active vitamin D analogs in CKD patients not on dialysis were modified. Furthermore, the interdependency of the key biomarkers of CKD-MBD (PTH, calcium, phosphate) was emphasized, and new evidence on the diagnostic usefulness of bone mineral density (BMD) measurements in all stages of CKD led to a guideline modification. |